Diverse Gods Hymns
A collective term (*Viśvedevas*) for the entire host of gods, invoked to ensure no deity is accidentally omitted from the sacrifice.
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Hymn 1.22
Addressed to: Diverse Gods
Rishi: Medhatithi
This hymn is a vibrant roll call of deities, inviting Ashvins for Soma, Savitr for protection and wealth, Agni to bring divine wives, and praising Vishnu’s cosmic steps. It's a wide-ranging appeal for blessings, protection, and well-being at the ritual.
Hymn 1.23
Addressed to: Diverse Gods
Rishi: Medhatithi
Here, a chorus of deities is called upon: Vayu for Soma, Indra and his Maruts for strength, Mitra and Varuna for order, and Pushan to find what's lost. The hymn culminates with the Waters, celebrated as the source of all healing and purification, sought for vitality and absolution.
Hymn 2.30
Addressed to: Indra and Other Gods
Rishi: Gritsamada Saunahotra
This multi-deity hymn celebrates Indra's power, from defeating Vritra to showering blessings, alongside other gods. It opens with the tireless waters flowing towards Indra and Savitr, then calls upon Brihaspati, Soma, Maruts, and Sarasvati for assistance in battle, protection, prosperity, and an abundance of children and cattle.
Hymn 2.32
Addressed to: Diverse Gods
Rishi: Gritsamada Saunahotra
This hymn tenderly invokes Heaven and Earth for aid and protection from harm, desiring prosperity. It then specifically calls upon Raka for a heroic son and abundant wealth, and Sinivali for offspring, offering a beautiful tribute to powerful goddesses for fertility and well-being.
Hymn 2.41
Addressed to: Diverse Gods
Rishi: Gritsamada Saunahotra
This hymn is a grand invitation, calling upon a diverse pantheon—Vayu, Indra, Sarasvati, and many others—to a vibrant Soma feast. The worshipper seeks their presence, protection from enemies, and blessings of wealth, renown, offspring, and cosmic order, ensuring a comprehensive outpouring of divine favor.
Hymn 3.62
Addressed to: Diverse Gods
Rishi: Vishvamitra Gathina
This eclectic hymn invokes a pantheon of Vedic deities, from Indra and Varuṇa to Brihaspati, Pushan, Savitr, and Soma. It's a series of heartfelt prayers for protection, wealth, inspiration, sustenance, and cosmic order, revealing the diverse hopes and reverence of the ancient worshippers.
Hymn 6.47
Addressed to: Soma, Indra and Others
Rishi: Bharadvaja Barhaspatya
This hymn opens by exalting Soma's potent influence, attributing Indra's greatest victories (like slaying Vritra and destroying Sambara's forts) to its exhilaration. It culminates in an evocative call for protection, prosperity, and divine aid, finally invoking a war drum for decisive victory.
Hymn 7.38
Addressed to: Savitri and Other Gods
Rishi: Vasishtha Maitravaruni
This hymn praises Savitr, the radiant, golden-handed god, for extending light and bringing food. It also calls upon Bhaga, dispenser of treasures, for wealth and well-being. Worshippers seek protection from evil, blessings for their leaders, and the removal of ailments, emphasizing these deities' life-giving and protective powers.
Hymn 7.41
Addressed to: Bhaga and Other Gods
Rishi: Vasishtha Maitravaruni
This hymn opens with a vibrant dawn chorus, invoking Agni, Indra, and many other deities, but strongly centering on Bhaga, the god of fortune. It’s a fervent prayer for wealth in cattle, horses, and men, seeking divine favor and blessings to ensure prosperity and strength throughout the day.
Hymn 7.50
Addressed to: Diverse Gods
Rishi: Vasishtha Maitravaruni
This protective hymn is a potent plea to Mitra and Varuna, specifically asking for defense against internal ailments, insidious worms, and poison. It targets skin eruptions on joints, invoking shining Agni to banish these afflictions far away. The fervent prayers seek complete freedom from venom and diseases, ensuring well-being and safety from hidden, creeping threats.
Hymn 7.104
Addressed to: Indra, Soma and Other Gods
Rishi: Vasishtha Maitravaruni
This powerful hymn is a fervent invocation to Indra and Soma to utterly annihilate demons, sorcerers, and liars. It calls for their destruction with celestial weapons, seeking protection from malevolent forces and false accusers, upholding truth against all evil.
Hymn 8.25
Addressed to: Mitra and Varuna and Other Gods
Rishi: Vyasva
A plea for universal protection from Mitra and Varuna, the cosmic guardians, and other deities. It reveres these upholders of Rta (cosmic order) for their wisdom, sovereignty, and blessings of rain and sustenance, seeking their collective, unwavering guardianship in all aspects of life.
Hymn 8.101
Addressed to: Diverse Gods
Rishi: Others, Tirasci
This hymn is a vibrant tapestry of invocations, primarily calling upon Mitra and Varuṇa for protection, wealth, and keen sight. It also weaves in prayers to the Nasatyas, Vayu, and the Sun for their bounty and greatness. It concludes with a powerful affirmation of Aditi, the divine mother, emphasizing her vital, unharmable nature.
Hymn 9.67
Addressed to: Soma and Other Gods
Rishi: Others, Tirasci
A hymn dedicated to Soma’s purifying power and role in ritual. It flows as a joyous essence, bringing wealth, fame, and good fortune, while destroying demons and danger. The hymn also invokes other gods for complete purification and specific boons.
Hymn 10.17
Addressed to: Diverse Gods
A tapestry of myth and ritual, beginning with Saraṇyû and the Aśvins. It then invokes Pūṣan to guide the departed safely and Sarasvatî for blessings. The hymn culminates with purification rituals, focusing on the sacred 'Drop' of Soma and the cleansing power of water and nourishing speech.
Hymn 10.59
Addressed to: Diverse Gods
Rishi: Gaupayana
This hymn is a powerful invocation for life, prosperity, and victory, with the repeated refrain to banish Nirr̥iti (distress). It seeks renewed vigor, peaceful old age, and protection from all harm, calling upon Soma, the life-spirit Asuniti, and the cosmic forces of Heaven and Earth for enduring well-being.
Hymn 10.124
Addressed to: Diverse Gods
Rishi: Others
This hymn narrates a significant shift in divine allegiance, where the speaker abandons an older "Father" and "Asura" to embrace the active powers of Indra, Agni, and Soma. It portrays a cosmic reordering, with Varuna releasing waters and Indra chosen as the champion to slay Vṛtra.